Moses, David and Elijah Essay examples -- Religion, BIble, Prophets, G

Moses, David, and Elijah were immensely significant scriptural figures during the Old Testament times. They all had one of a kind and dedicated associations with God. Moses relationship with God was a unique one. To be explicit, the Lord would address Moses up close and personal, as a man talks with his companion. (Deut. 33:9-11) In spite of the fact that with David, he cherished the Lord with his entire existence. Moreover, David’s reliance on God was everlasting just as his acclaim and love to God. (2 Sam. 22) And with Elijah, his relationship with God was his obsession to do God’s will. Close to their distinctive relationship with God, they all common comparative missions for the sake of the Lord. As a matter of first importance, they all were prophets picked by the Lord God Almighty. Just as being picked by God, the Lord selected them to lead and guide the Nation of Israel. In particular, God utilized them all to satisfy His guarantee to the Israelites. For instance, God would frequently utilize Moses and different prophets to exhibit indications of His capacity and to deliver His judgment against Israel and her foes. Actually, God gave them comparable missions to His realm. Moses was the primary Hebrew prophet to lead the offspring of Israel. Being modest and dubious of his capacity to lead, God despite everything picked Moses to lead the Children of Israel of servitude. (Ex 3) Though Moses would regularly question God’s charges, the Lord would consistently consoled Moses to proceed to do His orders. (Ex 6:1-12) With David and Elijah coming a very long time after Moses, their missions for God are similarly contrasted with Moses. Like Moses, God picked David to lead the Nation of Israel (2 Sam. 7:2-16). God advised Moses to assemble the Tabernacle. (Ex 25:1) after 9 years, God would not permit David to fabricate him a Temple, however He guaranteed Davi... ...ct that Elijah exhibited the Lord’s power and the Lord’s sway at Mount Carmel. (1 Ki 18:16-42) So for what reason did Elijah flee? He fled out of dread. Elijah questioned the God would ensure him. He concentrated on Jezebel’s fiendish rather God’s power. (1 Ki 19) Most importantly, when God solicit Elijah on top from Mount Herob, â€Å"What are you doing here?† Elijah said that he was fanatical and he blamed the Israelite for dismissing the Lord’s agreement. In spite of Elijah activities, he despite everything didn't admit. (1 Ki 19:9-14) As an individual can see, God confided in Moses, David, and Elijah to follow his orders and to do His will. Most importantly, they were all devoted when the Lord called upon them to do His will. Notwithstanding, at vital periods in their lives, they all overlooked their motivation of what God had set them up to do. Critically, they neglected to confide in God and stay dependable in all circumstances.

Natural vs Anthropogenic Climate Change

Question: ExplainNatural versus Anthropogenic Climate Change. Answer: The whole environmental change banter represents the different sides of a coin. There is an area of individuals who accept that the current changes in atmosphere are brought about by normal powers and has nothing to do with human intercessions. This is the way of thinking of common environmental change. Then again a few people feel that human components are exclusively liable for the environmental change happening place. This is the way of thinking of anthropogenic environmental change. Be that as it may, whatever be the rationale of the two sides, everybody feels that there is being a staggering change in the atmosphere which isn't reasonable for human living.(Hansen, 2015) Instances of regular environmental change: Suns Energy: The variety in the suns vitality yield is accepted to cause changes in the earths atmosphere. Orbital Change: Theory traits that a potential reason for environmental change can be connected to the consistently changing earths circle around the sun. Volcanic Eruptions: Several enormous volcanic ejections have likewise affected the atmosphere on earth theoretically.(Burroughs) Instances of anthropogenic environmental change: Ozone depleting substances: Uninterrupted arrival of ozone depleting substances builds heat ingestion bringing about a dangerous atmospheric devation. Land Use change: Widespread deforestation has lead to changes in measure of radiation being reflected. Mist concentrates: Human Activity is changing airborne substance which prompts changes in radiation dispersing. An unnatural weather change Truth or Myth? Indeed, an unnatural weather change is occurring. The reasons I bolster this announcement are: Ascend in Earths Average Temperature: Over the previous 100 years, there has been a consistent ascent in the earths normal temperature with only a break period during the 90s. The increment has gotten in 2000s which can be co-identified with the exponential modern extension and blasting creating economies. Contracting icy masses: Glaciers in Greenland and Antartica are decreasing in size step by step as the temperature as on an ascent. Studies show that Greenland has lost 36-60 cubic miles of ice each year in the mid 2000s. Ascend in Sea Level: Studies show the ocean level has been rising and it has been ascribed to softening ice sheets. The worldwide ocean levels have seen an ascent of 6.7 mm in the only remaining century with an expanding pace of rise(Kearns, 2007). A worldwide temperature alteration Mitigation Strategies Carbon sequestration: It is process in which carbon is caught and proposed to be put away for a long haul to alleviate or concede an Earth-wide temperature boost. Capacity should be possible in Terrestrial biosphere, seas or underground. Viability: It won't be a lot of successful as it would just concede the an unnatural weather change process. In addition, there is a high possibility of spillage of CO2 which will again de-relieve the procedure. Additionally, capacity of high measures of CO2 will make lopsidedness in characteristic life like ocean vegetation, feathered creatures and underground water. Possible Costs: The expenses would keep increment step by step. What's more, the expense of innovation would be gigantic. Thus, it would be an immense monetary advance. Strategy Implications: This would require a gathering of countries meeting up on an agreement and commonly framing a reserve to support this system. (Morgan, 2010) Clean Coal Technology: It is an assortment of most recent advancements to moderate the hurtful impacts of vitality age through coal. Viability: It has been successful across countries and has lead to diminish in CO2 outflows. Expected Costs: It is an exorbitant technique. Vitality delivered through CCT will cost $6800 per kilowatt contrasted with $1000 of flammable gas and $5500 for atomic vitality. Strategy Implications: This will require respective connection between nations for innovation move and usage. It will likewise expect governments to focus on creating clean energy.(Miller, 2011) q Approaches for Global Climate Change The countries that need to follow a severe system for environmental change are the creating countries and created countries with high mechanical yield. These include: China, India, Japan, Brazil, Argentina and United States of America. The strategy changes would be: A Climate Change Group of Nations: A body ought to be made with the greater part of the countries who authoritatively promise to submit themselves in halting this. Quantifiable measurements: Every country ought to submit themselves on quantifiable boundaries like CO2 outflow and ozone depleting substances and so forth for a time of 3-5 years and take activities to accomplish it. Customary audit: An ordinary survey of the countries must be led by this body and any country not following the responsibilities must be pressurized to do as such. Simple in innovation move: Norms must be set down for simpler innovation move in issues identified with making cleaner vitality. References: Hansen,G., Stone,D. (2015). Evaluating the watched effect of anthropogenic atmosphere change.Nature Climate Change,6(5), 532-537. doi:10.1038/nclimate2896 Carbon Sequestration, Environmental Implications of. (n.d.).SpringerReference. doi:10.1007/springerreference_301232 Burroughs,W.J. (n.d.). The regular reasons for atmosphere change.A Multidisciplinary Approach, 151-199. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511803819.007 Miller,B.G. (2011). Clean Coal Technologies for Advanced Power Generation.Clean Coal Engineering Technology, 251-300. doi:10.1016/b978-1-85617-710-8.00007-8 Bockris,J.G. (2010). Worldwide Warming.Global Warming. doi:10.5772/10290 Kearns,L.G. (2007). Cooking the Truth: Faith, Science, the Market, and Global Warming.Ecospirit, 97-124. doi:10.5422/fso/9780823227457.003.0006

Multiple Intelligences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Numerous Intelligences - Essay Example Numerous insights created by Howard Gardner greatly affect training process clarifying the perspectives, critical thinking and rationale. Commonly these abilities cross the orders and incorporate such things as correspondence, coordinated effort, data the executives, and higher-request thinking aptitudes, for example, critical thinking. These kinds of results can't be estimated by composed tests; they require execution estimation. Teachers who survey by execution accept that being capable to do is corresponding to stating that an understudy has truly mastered something, as opposed to just remembered it. The effect and job of insights in training was broadly talked about in the writing during 1980s. The principal endeavors to characterize and clarify this procedure made by Alfred Binet (1900) who attempted to make a measure to anticipate which youths would do well in the essential evaluations of Parisian schools (Kagan and Kagan 1998). In the mid-1980s, Howard Gardner tested the conviction that IQ was fixed with his work at Harvard University, which was clarified in his book Frames of the Mind (1985). He would have liked to see society move from testing individuals to developing individuals, by concentrating on the various ways individuals create aptitudes imperative to their lives. He reclassified knowledge as the capacity to take care of issues and style items that are esteemed in a culture or network. His exploration indicated knowledge as increasingly unpredictable, progressively various, and less fixed than initially suspected. Accumulate (1985, 1997) and Sternberg (1985) have c ontended for explicit, numerous spaces of knowledge. Today, insight is by and large more comprehensively conceptualized and characterized (Kagan and Kagan 1998). Toward the start of the 21st century, scientists applied Gardner's Theory to instructional innovation and separation based training, to various learning techniques and learning situations. For example, Milheim and Osciak (2001) look at points of interest and advantages of numerous insights inside internet learning condition and reach resolution that it can give different roads to learning dependent on a person's favored style paying little heed to the order or the geographic scattering of the planned students (4). Another layer of writing looks at viable use of numerous insights in various fields including initiative and representatives preparing, physical instruction and skilled kids. For example, Kernodle and Mitchell (2004) investigate the advantages of various insights in showing tennis at the optional level or in a school. They find that offering an assortment of exercises that upgrade various insights likewise helps understudies who are powerless in specific insights by allowin g them the chance to develop themselves in those regions (32). A few analysts look at the job of numerous insights being developed of skilled and capable youngsters (Fasko 2001); recognize sex contrast in learning procedure and observation in kids (Furnham and Ward 2001). They find that the job of the instructor is recognized in this point of view yet just with regards to co-developing importance for substance and abilities. Along these lines, Kagan and Kagan (1998) concede this is as yet the domain of procedural reasoning. The

How to use a Wood Material in Computer Hard Disc Drives Case Study

The most effective method to utilize a Wood Material in Computer Hard Disk Drives - Case Study Example A hard plate drive is comprised of aluminum and a blend of other non-biodegradable materials. These two parts are costly; henceforth, it is basic to concoct new, modest and effectively accessible materials to be utilized as options in the assembling of hard circles. This will bring about a decrease in the expense of creating and introducing the hard plates. Wood is a modest and promptly accessible item that can be utilized in the assembling of hard plates. The utilization of wood materials will take into account the creation of reasonable hard plate drives, just as increment the effectiveness of hard drives. This report will show how wood can be utilized as an elective material in the assembling of compelling and productive hard circles. To begin with, the report will examine the fundamental segments of a hard drive, the capacity and decision of material of each part. II. Breakdown of the Main Parts of the Hard Disk and the Function of Each Part The PC hard drive is comprised of a fe w segments with various capacities, as examined beneath. These inward segments are extremely touchy to earth and dust and, in this way, hard drives ought to never be opened (Born, 1997). The accompanying figure shows the significant parts of a hard circle. Figure 1: Components of a hard drive 1. Spread It is otherwise called the drive packaging and it is rectangular box that holds and covers all the inner parts of the hard drive (Born, 1997). ... The speed of turn increments with the expansion in document size and speed of move (Braun, 2009). 3. Platters They are situated at the focal point of the circle and are utilized to store the PC information. The quantity of platters in a circle may differ contingent upon the limit of the circle. They are produced using a non-attractive material, generally aluminum combination, clay or glass (Hdd-device, 2010). Aluminum amalgam was at first utilized yet today the longing for higher thickness has brought about the utilization of glass platters. Glass platters are likewise favored since they are increasingly steady thermally and offer more prominent unbending nature (Born, 1997). All platters are covered with a layer of an attractive material and an external layer of Carbon for security purposes. The platters are pivoted by the axle at a specific speed bringing about formation of pneumatic stress that is answerable for lifting the peruse and compose leaders of the platters. In case of mo re than one platter on a solitary drive, the separation between the platters is typically extremely exact. Information on the drive might be lost always if the platters gets skewed (Born, 1997). 4. Peruse and Write Heads They are otherwise called heads and they peruse and compose attractive data to and from the platter. The heads read information all the more productively the more close they are to the platter. Notwithstanding, a nearby mounted head may have contact with the platter and this may harm the circle and the data put away in it (IBM, 2000). 5. Actuator Arms They move the peruse and compose heads to the reasonable territory of the platter. The leader of the hard plate is mounted on the actuator arm and it moves it so as to peruse and compose information effectively (Lamberton, 2007). It additionally helps in keeping the head at an ideal good ways from the platter in order to ensure the circle just as protect its speed and

Call to action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Source of inspiration - Essay Example They too offer neighborhood volunteer chances, mentorship programs for understudies and get-togethers. Assess the laws about Fracking To address the significant issues of condition, wellbeing and remuneration, bunches that draw enrollment from the quick condition influenced by penetrating, the Environment Law Society should make it their duty to take a gander at the present laws set up. This is a push to help those influenced. As a feature of the Arizona state, they should mind their condition utilizing the law information they have. In Arizona, there are various gatherings that are profoundly and broadly associated with natural issues. Nonetheless, these gatherings are filled with legislative issues with regards to the issue of fracking and all things considered, a fairly ‘independent and neutral’ gathering ought to be utilized to advocate gives that emerge. With thought of the sub issue of pay, a fairly influenced gathering ought to be picked. Thinking about this, the best gathering is the Arizona Farm Bureau, a Tucson based homestead and farm association. The gatherings should meet up to propose a law that might be sent to the dependable arm of the state organization. The earth law society of the University of Arizona ought to be the joining body and smooth out every lawful activity of the gatherings to frame a solid proposition. Stretch out Legal Education to the network in regards to impacts of fracking Since the gathering depends on the estimations of a free and edified network that is earth delicate the Environmental law society ought to include the network. It ought to understand the need to instruct individuals more on the earth, face difficulties and concoct arrangements. There are unstable ecological laws which are not known to many. While they make proposition for better and severe laws that administer fracking they ought to likewise is to spread lawful condition information to whatever number as could be expected under the circumstance s as a stage towards preservation. What ought to be of significance to them is the way that the natural laws are useful, notable to the individuals and followed as needs be. The consistent quarreling and politicking in regards to ecological issues ought not concern them. The ecological law society ought not just leave a network that knows about laws about fracking and their privileges to security, it ought to likewise do that on other natural laws. This is a source of inspiration for them in time since there are numerous issues influencing the earth particularly executed by boring organizations that do little to mind the individuals. Direct Mass Awareness Campaigns The Environmental Law Society is a significant supporter of the Arizona Journal of Environmental Law and Policy (â€Å"AJELP†) which is a multi-discipline understudy run diary. The AJELP analyzes ecological issues from logical, lawful, open arrangement, monetary and different viewpoints. This aides in production of a connecting with, responsive stage to talk about and causing to notice appropriate ecological issues in law and arrangement. The diary distributes condition articles on a moving premise along these lines of giving updates that are opportune and legitimate and important to the ecological network. The club should utilize this stage to advocate for a reaction via airing the complaints of the influenced individuals on print media. The issue of the negative impacts of boring has for quite some time been covered because of absence of presentation for what they truly cause. The natural law society ought to harp on this until crowd is given. The other possible activities

Fall Transfer Update Part III - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Fall Transfer Update Part III - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Fall Transfer Update Part III Here is my weekly update on the Fall Transfer process, and how the general timeline is looking for this group. Our evaluation team is moving along at a very strong pace, as almost 900 admit decisions have gone out, and almost 1,400 decisions as a whole have been made (admit and deny). Taking into account the overall numbers and the number of incomplete applicants, it looks like we have made decisions on just about 70% of the actionable applicants (files with all materials submitted to UGA). The evaluation team is still averaging roughly 60-80 decisions a day, and I still project that we will have almost all Fall transfer decisions out by the end of the third week of May. There may be a few very difficult files (4+ different colleges that we have not dealt with before, etc.) that will still need to be reviewed at the end of my projection, but we still seem to be on track with things. Again, due to all of the different variables of each applicant, I cannot guess as to when a student will hear a decision, or what exact date we are working on at this time. Please be patient with us as we try to close out the decisions over the next several weeks.

International Migration Essay - 275 Words

International Migration (Essay Sample) Content: Cleon LewisProfessor AbrahamsPolitical Economy 20313 February 2015To what extent will migration from the developing world to the developed world become a social and political issue in the 21st century?Developed world is comprised of those countries that have post-industrial economies, meaning the service sector provides more wealth than the industrial sector; this is in contradistinction with developing countries which are basically in the process of industrialization. In the international space, terms like South and North countries emerge, the former meaning world`s poor countries vis a vis the latter which allude to rich countries. Developed countries are characterized with: high gross domestic product (GDP); high levels of industrialization dominated by tertiary and quaternary sectors of industry and very high human development index (HDI) rating; all these basically culminating to high living standards with high life expectancy thus the attraction for migration r ush from developing countries to developed countries .Migration simply means, "crossing the boundary of a political or administrative unit for a certain minimum period ( Boyle et al. 1998,2). Due to this immigration influx, core social and political issues arise as explored in this dissertation in the subsequent paragraphs.Over the years there has been a global scourge which all world states have been fighting to eradicate; racism, which Part 1 of the U.N. International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination defines as "any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, color, descent, or national or ethnic origin that has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , thus racism is, if not one of the major socio-political issue which ari ses as a result of migration to the developed worlds. Racism has been quite a challenge and with mass migration to first world countries in place, it continues to be the main issue in the 21st century. A case of point where we have witnessed its vicious venom was the conflicts between African Americans and Korean Americans(Los Angeles riots of 1992) this escalated due to perception that immigrants and in some cases refugees who are offered residence appear to get more benefits than the locals since they offer cheap labor, tensions and hostilities usually arise and rampant hatred emanates from the citizens to foreigners resulting to violent attacks, mistreatment, prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination towards the immigrants. In East Asia, in the Financial Crisis it is observed that there was politicization of migration, with migrants being blamed for economic and social problems. Attempts at mass deportation and stricter border control were made, with limited success (1997, 99).A nother global political issue which emerges from migration is power erosion of the nation state. One main area which this is particularly apparent is in border-control which is viewed in international law as the crucial aspect of nation-state sovereignty. Reference has been made before to the difficulties experienced by emigration countries in controlling unwanted migratory flows. Although some developed countries have put measures in place to regulate this movement like The Schengen Agreement in Europe and the tightening of border controls in the USA may have reduced irregular movements, but certainly haven`t stopped them .This inability to cope with migration flow makes the host countries unable to curb the criminals who traffic drugs and sometimes terrorists infiltrating into the countries resulting to political instability in those countries. This in the larger picture becomes a global political issue even to the developing countries since these political structures and systems in the South countries are determined and shaped by the West countries.A major social and political issue which arises is the erosion of the homogeneity of cultural cum social and political unity of states of Westphalian treaty of 1648 which the nation state boasts of. In most countries, ethnic homogeneity being the basis of nation state is illustrated by common language, culture, traditions and history. Immigration and ethnic diversity threaten such ideas of the state because they create a people without common ethnic origins which ideally constitute a sovereign state. Albeit the developed countries in an effort to create uniformity tend to integrate immigrants by offering them citizenship, the failure of assimilation policies and the growth of ethnic communities portend that the new citizens are not incorporated into sharing the dominant culture of the emigration state. Thus Castles and Davidson write that the emergence of multicultural societies creates major challenges to nation al identities. Institutions are likely to change in response to diverse values and needs (2000). The modern developed countries should borrow from classical countries of immigra...

Case Study “Professional Sports Rewarding and Punishment...

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD SUBMITTED BY: BUSHRA QUDDUS ABBASI Case Study â€Å"Professional sports: Rewarding and punishment the same behavior† 1. What type of reinforcement schedule does random drug testing represent? Is this type of schedule typically effective or ineffective? Answer: The case study â€Å"Professional sports: Rewarding and punishment the same behavior† was about how in a baseball game steroids are being used and the offense which has been caused by it. The type of reinforcement schedule discuss in this case was the random drug testing which presents the fact that most of the times baseball players are not aware of the point that they are taking drugs. This†¦show more content†¦3. If you were the commissioner of baseball, what steps would you take to try to reduce the use of steroids in baseball? Is punishment likely to be the most effective deterrent? Why or why not? Answer: If I was the commissioner of baseball, there are several steps that I would take to try to reduce the use of steroids in baseball. First of all, I would reinforce to all the athletes that if someone is caught using steroids they will be thrown off the team. Second, I would continue to do random drug testing. Punishment is not likely to be the most effective deterrent. This will only cause athletes to stop playing and taking steroids for a certain period of time. In addition to it I would also have taken some steps as taken by the commissioner in this case. For the 1st time offender who didn’t know that they were being drugged by their coaches should be suspended for few games. In addition to that the coach must be strictly punished a huge sum of fine plus life time ban from the game. Whereas, for those who have offended it for the first time knowingly, must be suspended for a year plus a heavy amount fine should be imposed on them. And for those who have repeated it should be banned from baseball sport. The second part of the question was â€Å"Is punishment likely to be the most effective deterrent†? For me yes, punishment is the most effective deterrent. It is the competition that everyone loves. The feeling of winning makes manyShow MoreRelatedPreferred Coaching Styles and Leadership Methods by Athletes and Their Effectiveness!4862 Words   |  20 Pagesof different coaching methods and styles of leadership in which are most effective and preferred by Athletes. The various leadership styles are explained and examined. The present study found that there isnt one style that is most effective or preferred by all athletes specifically. As we enter the world of sports several different theories and methods of coaching are used and preformed each day. Each coach innovates their specific style or way of coaching to their athletes. 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Richard Swinburnes Teleological Argument - 790 Words

Richard Swinburnes Teleological Argument Although explicated on many occasions and by many different authors, the teleological argument for the existence of God provides the best springboard from which to launch contemporary convictions of faith. In the revised edition of his earlier The Existence of God, Richard Swinburne constructs a solid outline that reveals the exact structure of the teleological argument. He presents both forms of the teleological argument , holds each under the light of skeptical review and then provides insight and defense that allows for careful philosophical review. Swinburne begins his outline of the teleological argument by identifying its two forms: regularities of co-presence and regularities†¦show more content†¦By natural processes they can only come into being through generation. But we know that the world has not been going on forever, and so the great puzzle is the existence of the first animals and plants in 4004 BC or whenever exactly it was that animals and plants began to exist. Since they could not have come about by natural scientific processes, and since they are very similar to the machines, which certain rational agents, viz. men, make, it is very probable that they were made by a rational agent -- only clearly one more powerful and knowledgeable than men. According to this version of the teleological argument, that entity more powerful and knowledgeable than man is God. The teleological argument whose version identifies regularities of co-presence is quickly dismantled with the introduction of Mr. Charles Darwin. Complex animals and plants, Swinburne argues, can be produced through generation by less complex animals and plants -- species are not eternally extinct; and simple animals and plants can be produced by natural processes from inorganic matter. And in this simple language the logical validity of regularities of co-presence simply ceases to exist: something of a philosophical evolution. And like the very argument that dismantled regularities of co-presence, Swinburnes argument evolves into a more complex version identified by regularities of succession. Regularities of succession,Show MoreRelatedThe Design Argument - as Level Essay examples3128 Words   |  13 Pagesa. Outline the Key Concepts of the Design Argument [21 marks] The design argument is also referred to at the Teleological Argument stemmed from the Greek work ‘Telos’ meaning end or purpose. It is an ‘A posterior’ argument (from experience) based on our empirical senses and it is synthetic meaning that it is from observation. The argument is also inductive meaning there a number of possible conclusions. The main basis of the Teleological argument is based on a designer commonly known as ‘theRead MoreThis essay will be examining the key arguments for the existence of God, in order to discuss the3100 Words   |  13 PagesThis essay will be examining the key arguments for the existence of God, in order to discuss the claim that â€Å"it is wrong to believe in anything without sufficient evidence†- with reference to the non-existence of God. It will be exploring both a priori and an a posteriori argument for the existence of God. It will solely be concentrating on the Theological argument, Cosmological argu ment and the Ontological argument, in order, to analyse their significance and contribution in vindicating the claimRead MoreReligious Experiences are in the Mind of the Believer Essays2837 Words   |  12 Pageswere a trick of the mind it would only last a few seconds at the most. Therefore this is evidence against the quote and as a result strengthens and provides evidence for the existence of religious experiences. Nonetheless, Richard M. Gale disagrees that mystical experiences should be thought of as ineffable in some way in which other experiences are not. Instead, he believes that mystical experiences are â€Å"if ineffable, ineffable in just the way that

Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility -- a...

Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility A Short Report on IKEA B.V Written By: Syed Rehan Rizvi February 16, 2010 IKEA’s Social and Environmental Initiatives Introduction IKEA is one of the largest European home furnishing retailers established in 1943. It has more than 300 stores in 37 countries with a business turnover of approx. 22,7 billion Euros in 2009 and an approximate direct workforce of 127,800 employees all over the world. IKEA’s retail concept is based on selling well designed products at low prices so that maximum people can afford them and live a better life. IKEA’s Corporate Social and Environmental Initiatives Globalization has changed the world business environment. The cost competition forces†¦show more content†¦These clauses explains the methodology to be adopted for the implementation and monitoring of IWAY requirements which includes commitment for IWAY compliance, assigning responsibilities or designating a core team within organization responsible for the implementation, communication of IWAY requirements to all the employees i.e. staff and workers of company as well as all sub-suppliers, conducting Internal IWAY audits and above all the requirement for the company to update all laws and regulations applicable to their business/ industry. IWAY Clauses 3 to 7 is related to the inside and outside working environments as well as health and safety systems that companies must implement. All the remaining clauses of the standard are basically for the efforts in developing an effective and transparent social accountability management system within the organization, which directly give benefits to the workers and the society as whole. IWAY requirements related to Environmental Protection and Management †¢ Environmental classification, reporting and inspections ------- This requires all organizations to comply the applicable environmental laws and regulations, reporting its environmental performance and inspections by concern authorities. †¢ Outdoor Air pollution and Noise Pollution ---- This requires permits and monitoring of air emissions from the plantShow MoreRelatedMarketing Strategy at Ikea2750 Words   |  11 PagesSynopsis The case study is to discuss about the different strategy used by IKEA to approach their customers. It is also talking about the localization concept from a global company based on the cultural demand from different countries worldwide. IKEA is also famous for their less expensive furniture, has some other strategies to â€Å"reach† the customers based on their needs. 4 Ps concept plays a very important role on IKEA’s success besides the way of shopping which is differ from all other theirRead MoreIkea Case Study Ebusiness5766 Words   |  24 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Theoretical Analysis 3 1.1.Background 3 1.2 Literature review 3 1.2.1 Click and Mortar Strategy- integration of two channels 4 1.2.2 Transaction-based and trust-based strategy 6 1.2.3 Corporate website e-commerce system 7 1.2.4 Summary 9 2 Strategy analysis 11 2.1 Business idea 11 2.1.1 Business Model 12 2.1.2 Vision 14 2.2 Global Strategy 14 2.3 Future challenges 15 3 Web site analysis 16 3.1 Informative communication 16 3.2 StructureRead MoreIkea China Marketing Analysis5728 Words   |  23 PagesInternational Marketing Report of IKEA in Chinese Market [pic] 12BSP040 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING School of Business and Economics 2013. 04. 22 Contents 1. Executive Summary 1 2. Introduction 2 3. Internationalization 3 4. Foreign Market Segmentation and Targeting 5 5. Environmental Analysis 7 5.1 Strengths 7 5.2 Weakness 8 5.3 Opportunities 9 5.4 Threats 10 6. International Marketing Objectives 11 7. Foreign Market Entry Strategy 12 8. Product/Read MoreIkea Marketing Plan8221 Words   |  33 PagesIKEA Marketing Plan – Part I Submitted to: John Daly Submitted by: Lindsay Churchman Matthew Holland Jamie Krebs Eveline Man Chris Manellis Chelsea Slade Due Date: February 17, 2011 MRK428MS Internal Environment IKEA current marketing goal and objective The IKEA vision is to create a better life for many people who purchase their products. Their main objectives are: - IKEA produces cheap and affordable products for the customers - The company wants better life for those who cannot afford expensiveRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pages169 170 174 182 188 192 202 214 215 221 223 223 230 236 241 246 248 250 251 255 261 4 Market and environmental analysis 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 Learning objectives Introduction: the changing business environment (or the new marketing reality) Analysing the environment The nature of the marketing environment The evolution of environmental analysis The political, economic, social and technological environments Coming to terms with the industry and market breakpoints Coming to terms

A Brief Note On Wrongful Conviction And Criminal Justice...

Vernon Randall Professor George Slone Effectiveness in Writing 102 Date due: March 8, 2015 The wrongly accused Introduction: Despite the growing consciousness of a flawed criminal justice system, many cannot identify with being wrongfully convicted, weakening public demand for change. Nevertheless, reforms designed to reduce miscarriages of justice take hold. The issue should not be viewed as a partisan issue but one of vital concern to all criminal justice stakeholders and the public. A leading wrongful conviction authority outlines the matter. Wrongful Conviction and Criminal Justice Reform Wrongful Conviction and Criminal Justice Reform, making justice is not a compendium of what has been learned about wrongful convictions since†¦show more content†¦They initially presented their findings in the mid-1980s. Less than a decade later, stories of wrongful conviction poured forth as DNA exonerations provided proof that the innocent had been imprisoned. Some of the investigations were done by journalists, including David Protess, his students at Northwestern University, as well as teams of reporters at papers like the Chicago Tribune. Other work was conducted by academics, including such luminaries as Sam Gross, Richard Leo, and Brandon Garrett. And, of course, the innocence project, led by law professors and advocates Barry Scheck and Barry Neufeld, has uncovered case after case of wrongful conviction. Certainly, the studies of wrongful conviction have been able to generate press coverage especially when the findings tell the story of an innocent defendant who narr owly escaped a death sentence. Due to the fact that much of the American public assumes that it is not at risk for a wrongful conviction, few of those stories have â€Å"legs† to breed sufficient interest in reform. In this assumption the public is correct. Notwithstanding the claims of some reformers that anyone of us could be subject to a wrongful conviction, the research actually suggests that most individuals have little to fear. Indeed, the most recent national study of wrongful convictions shows that individuals with a prior criminal record are at the greatest risk of being wrongful convicted (Gould et

Weekly Reflection Free Essays

I was comfortable with this weeks topic. Currently working in a Business Process Outsourcing (BOP) unit, economic cost concepts are part of my daily routine. Applying economic cost concepts is crucial to my Fortune 500 Company and the clients we serve. We will write a custom essay sample on Weekly Reflection or any similar topic only for you Order Now Forecasting and cost analysis is another vital part of my business for both process Improvement and staffing. Difficult Topics I did not quite get the economic cost concepts relating to equilibrium, but after further discussion with team members the comparison was understandable on how companies apply the demand and pricing of economic concepts In business sessions. Team members provided an explanation of Wall-Mart rollback pricing, and school tax-exempt weekend. This enabled me to grasp the concept. Consequently, In my opinion, applying economic cost concepts In making business decisions Is imperative for an organization within the company. In addition, the following factors are vital in decision-making pertaining to economic cost within a business profit, capital, pricing, demand, forecasting, and cost analysis. Application In the Workplace As veterans, we can relate to how economic costs affect the military. In particular, deiced cost for active duty, retired, and disabled military members. For example, the military pays Injured members dillydally and medical expenses; however, the pay Is at the present rate of medical expenses but does not take Into account future payments at a higher cost. The military may consider reducing the cost of future pay, the variance Involving dillydally pay, and the member’s future earnings. Conclusion In conclusion, Team Bi’s discussion of the week two objectives was helpful In understanding the material for the week. The objectives for week two Include Identifying production level to maximize profits, explaining balancing fixed and variable costs, and applying economic cost concepts In making business decisions. By tripping another vital part of my business for both process improvement and staffing. Companies apply the demand and pricing of economic concepts in business school tax-exempt weekend. This enabled me to grasp the concept. Consequently, in my opinion, applying economic cost concepts in making business decisions is capital, pricing, demand, forecasting, and cost analysis. Application in the Workplace he military pays injured members disability and medical expenses; however, the pay is at the present rate of medical expenses but does not take into account future the variance involving disability pay, and the member’s future earnings. In conclusion, Team Bi’s discussion of the week two objectives was helpful in understanding the material for the week. The objectives for week two include identifying production level to maximize profits, explaining balancing fixed and variable costs, and applying economic cost concepts in making business decisions. How to cite Weekly Reflection, Papers

Enzymatic Regulation of the Sodium-Potassium Pump free essay sample

An investigation of enzymatic regulation of the sodium potassium pump in isolated skin of the frog, Rana Catesbiana. Electrochemical gradients are essential for biologic processes including but not limited to neuronal signaling, respiration, and osmoregulation. The Sodium-Potassium (Na/K) pump is one of the most well characterized structures for actively establishing these gradients. The current generated by the Na/K pump can be calculated by measuring the current required from an external source to bring the gradient (Voltage difference) created by the pump to zero. An increase in temperature has shown to increase the current generated by the Na/K pump with a slope of 12.5A/Co and a Q10 value of 1.72. Arginine vasotocin (AVT) also known as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), acts to increase the activity of the enzyme regulated pump. At a constant temperature, a 10-fold increase in current was measured across the AVT treated skin in comparison to the baseline AVT absent skin preparation. We will write a custom essay sample on Enzymatic Regulation of the Sodium-Potassium Pump or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The plasma membranes of cells contain pumps that drive out sodium from the cell and incorporate potassium into the cell. Physiologically, the blood plasma has a higher sodium concentration than the cytoplasm and conversely the cytoplasm has a highly potassium concentration than the plasma. Under these conditions, the Na/K pump is acting against a concentration gradient is therefore an active ATPase dependent process. Since the pump is under enzymatic regulation, we expect its activity to be governed by typical enzyme kinetics responding directly to changes in temperature and agents (such as hormones) that manipulate enzyme activity. It is also important to note that the Na/K pump pumps a net 3 Na+ ions out of the cell for every 2 K+ in. This creates a resting voltage potential across the membrane (1). The resistance of the channel allows for the net current across the pump to be measured indirectly by introducing an external voltage equal and opposite of the resting membrane potentia l created by the Na/K pump. Using the Ussing technique, a voltage clamp and Ohms law, we can derive the current generated by the Na/K pump under various conditions (2).

J.M.W. Turners Painting the Slave Ship Essay Example For Students

J.M.W. Turners Painting the Slave Ship Essay Turners painting off slave ship that was got caught in a bad storm. The dark clouds filled the sky with a fiery red and yellow sunset. The reddish brown water is worrisome the waves splash against the ship, and the sails of the ship are not opened giving the impression that a storm avgas approaching. The Slavers realizing that a storm Vass near; they also realized that in order for them to save their ship and their selves, they will need to start throwing the dead and dying slaves overboard before the waves crash upon their decks. Back in slave days slave trading was a very profitable business. The slavers purchased insurance for their human cargo and would collect on their insurance policies; but only however if the slaves, died from drowning, not if they died from disease. Slaves frequently caught infections and deadly disease from the inhuman conditions aboard the slave vessels. Slaver aboard the ships carrying the slaves kept them on the bottom of the ship chained up, and under nourished. Therefore in order for slavers the to get the largest profit for their slaves, it was common to throw the dead and or dying slaves overboard still in their chains, Causing them to drown or to be eaten by the sea creatures, and the sea gulls flying above, in order to collect the insurances it has been said that what the slavers did was so horrible that it was beyond the reality of most humans. The cruelty Of the slavers actions is beyond the comprehension a normal person. J. M. W. Turners the paint of the slave ship is intended to show of inhuman treatment of the slave trade movement. His painting reveals just how cold hearted the slaves were, by showing what really happened out at sea. The harshness of storm indicates that nature is superior over humans. The blue color puts emphasis on nature and shows its superiority over man, it also give the impression of real emotion. The storm shows natures dominance over man. Horror is indicate in the painting by the darkness and the roughness of the colors, along with the ugliness of the worrisome storm approaching. Effective and contrast is shown between the close and distant objects. For instance the ship is in the background of the painting, being roughed up and tossed around by the waves, after the slaver having thrown the dead and dying slaves overboard. In the foreground of the painting you see the sea creatures attacking all of the floating bodies of the dead and dying In the center background the bright sunrise is tar away in the distance; this separates the painting. Bright red and yellow color on the left of the painting shows lighting striking the water _ While on the right side of the painting the red and brown color in the water indicates the brown skinned slaves. It looks as if Mother Nature is trying to get revenge for the inhuman treatment of the Slavers to their slaves. There seems to be a lot more focus on Mother Nature and the approaching storm in the painting than on the objects. The waves and the sunset, which seem to make the Objects and the figures disappear they are only denned by their forms and color. Nature seems to have a more defined part of the painting than the figures and the objects that are actually in the painting. The bodies of the dead and dying slaves are a very small part of the painting even the ship is pushed into the back of the painting, giving the water and the sun more of the focal point. What looks to be waves splashing over the bodies and around the ship also give the impression that the storm is becoming stronger and that the ship is in as much danger as the dead and dying slaves that were thrown over to be drowned or eaten by the sea creatures, ELM_W, Turner makes effective contrast between the close up and background objects in his painting The Slave Ship. .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd , .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .postImageUrl , .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd , .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:hover , .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:visited , .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:active { border:0!important; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:active , .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u92f8867a81042e38c687b025b49ed0bd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sandro Boticelli EssayAfter pursuing the transition between the various colors and forms of the heaving waters, he turns his attention to the part of the ocean surrounding the slave ship. The darkness and the horrid shadows f the treacherous Waves are tossed upon the gloom Of the night. This expresses the cold indicating the death upon the guilt of the slavers upon the slave ship. J. M. W. Turners painting the Slave Ship has does not have a real border at all: it is being totally illustrated by the contrast Of color and the pigments. It is a very dramatic painting it has a lot of movement that keeps you focused. The colors in the painting are blended so perfectly that it is almost impossible to see where one color stops and another begins. J,M. W, Turners painting partly exhibits nature punishing the guilty men: Partly he slavers throwing the Dead and Dying overboard for a profit. And then Mother Nature about to bring upon the guilty vessel its well deserved end, But is the foreground he confronts the slaves being attacked and eaten by the sea and its creatures, J,M. W, Turners painting presents images of sea creatures and horror; however this painting is not fiction. He is actually describing what really happened at sea during the slave days. Because in the slave days since insurance on slave covered only those drowned at sea and not on slaves who died due to the beatings, ease, and the horrific unsanitary and inhuman conditions aboard the slave ships because the captains were only looking to make money on the slaves, so throwing the dead and dying into the ocean was all for money. IM_W. Turners painting is so realistic one almost feels as if they are there abroad the ship When I first looked at the painting I did not realize what it was. I thought it was a very pretty painting Of the sea. After looking closer and reading about the history realized vat the objects in the painting were. This is a very sad dramatic painting.

Test Essay Example

Test Essay Online Examination System is a software solution, which allows a particular company or institute to arrange, conduct and manage examinations via an online environment. This can be done through the Internet, Intranet and/or Local Area Network environments. Some of the problems faced by manual examination systems are delays in result processing, filing poses a problem, filtering of records is not easy, The chance of loss of records is high and also record searching is difficult. Maintenance of the system is also very difficult and takes lot of time and effort.I intend to use the systems development life cycle (SDLC) which is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project. Microsoft Visual basic 2010 will be used to achieve the project because of its flexibility and English-Like Syntax. Microsoft SQL Server will be used as the database management system. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Online Examination System is a software application which allows a particular company or institute to arrange, conduct and manage any examination via online.In this module a candidate can be given online exam of a particular subject and get the results instantly through which the user can know his/her potentials and how much more effort he/she needs to put in to get better marks. Every other thing that should be included in Chapter One is with you. Arrange them Good Luck. You can call me anytime CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW Before proceeding with the design and implementation of this project, I have studied many existing Online Examination management Systems. This study helped me a lot to know the various features of online examination management systems.The umFundi Examination System, coursewebs online exam, online examinations by deft info systems limited are some online examination management systems used worldwide. I have studied each system and noticed some special features of them which are listed as foll ows: The umFundi Examination System Features †¢ A test can be compiled with questions from different topics/libraries. †¢ A â€Å"serial number† is provided for each question according to topic, etc. †¢ The â€Å"serial number† can be used to search for and select questions. †¢ Tests can be created on a random basis per student. †¢ Specific questions can be flagged to be included/excluded in a test. The online examination system is suitable for surveys. †¢ The online examination system can automatically add the marks allocated in each question to determine the total mark for the test. †¢ Export question papers and memoranda to . txt or . doc file †¢ A time limit can be set for the test. †¢ The sequence of questions can be randomized. †¢ The distractors/options per question can be randomized. †¢ Students can navigate within a test (i. e. backwards and forwards). Can be set. Navigation tools/buttons can be selected f or a test, and these buttons can be switched on/off per question/test, e. . backward/forward buttons. †¢ Students can be forced to go through all the questions at least once, before exiting the test. †¢ Students can be allowed to exit the test before completing all the questions. †¢ After exiting a test, students can continue the test from the last question they answered. †¢ A specific date for a test to be active can be set. Comments †¢ The System does not limit the number of times a student can write a test/exam. †¢ After exiting a test, students cannot continue the test/exam from the last question they answered. Course-webs online exam Questions can be multiple choice, true/false, short answer (fill in the blank), multiple answer (checkboxes), and essay. †¢ Exams can be timed or untimed. †¢ The system can automatically create exams by randomly choosing questions from your exam question database. †¢ The system will randomly order the qu estions for each student. †¢ Exams can be turned on or off and have a date range for each exam. †¢ Multiple choice, true/false, and short answer questions are automatically graded. †¢ Detailed score report breaks down student responses by category. †¢ Students get instant results on automatically graded exams. Students and instructors get instant results via e-mail. †¢ For each question you can enter feedback that the student will get when reviewing the exam. †¢ Control review options: review correct, incorrect, both, or neither. †¢ Allow students to retake exams, limit total attempts and cap retake scores. †¢ Automatically generates a numbered certificate of completion on successfully passing an exam. You customize the certificate. †¢ The Certificate is a PDF file that can be customized in any way. †¢ Instructors can manually grade and rescore an exam if necessary. Exams are not taken through the browser, you require a plug-in. Comm ents †¢ The option of untimed examination, will give maximum chance malpractices †¢ Exams are not taken through the browser, you require a plug-in. Online examinations by deft info systems limited Features †¢ Any institute or company can register their various types of certificate/non-certificate programs and conduct an online examination for the same. †¢ Just register the programs, their fees (if paid) and the centers (where the exam will be conducted) in order to start the examination process. Questions and answers would be objective type and the format would be as per the company’s choice. †¢ User can select the company, its program, exam schedule and pay fees online in order to give his exam at the selected center. Comments †¢ It is not free, any user of this system will have to pay some amount to acquire it. †¢ It is not specific to a particular school, therefore there won’t be competition between different users of the same syst em which will not promote improvement. Some Common Features of Online Examination 1. Questions can be multiple choices, true/false, short answer (fill in the blank), multiple answers (checkboxes). . Online examination system can automatically add the marks allocated in each question to determine the total mark for the test. 3. A time limit can be set for the test. 4. The sequence of questions can be randomized. 5. Students can be allowed to exit the test before completing all the questions. 6. Result is displayed instantly Analysis of the Existing System Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro (Case Study) still operate the manual method of test/examination writing. In the manual method, examinations are taken in the class room with proper invigilation of candidates.Organization of examination is a peculiar type of job in which so many factors of varied nature play a vital role. Its complexity increases with the increasing number of examinations during the session. The increasing number of e xaminers and examinees, the number of centers involved, available manpower for carrying out various preparations, different type of material required, co-ordination with various external agencies, financial constraints and time limitation etc are some of the major factors which have to be taken into consideration while finalizing a plan for organization of examinations.Right from the initial stage of students’ enrolment to the final stage of the declaration of result, various jobs are required to be under-taken with proper care and sophistication. Drawbacks in the Existing Examination System Examination and problems associated with it is the main centre of focus in the field of education in our country today. Publication of results also takes a very long time owing to which students remain idle for months together. Some of the drawbacks in the existing examination system are as follows: Students from different areas have to visit university for every query regarding filling u p of application forms, examination date, results and syllabus etc are collected by the student personally, thus wasting his/her precious time and money. †¢ Students have to wait in long queues to take examination forms, deposit examination fee and to get know the status of their results. Even sometimes, they cannot take admission in higher studies outside the state. †¢ The manual examination system leads to errors, more time consumption, inefficient and wastage of valuable resources. There is repetition of work in the existing system, the same data is written again and again by different branches. †¢ In existing system, managing of student’s record is very tedious. Searching of students’ records in manual registers, maintaining of records and reconciliation etc. are very time consuming. †¢ In manual examination system, there is no check on the secrecy and tempering of students records. Sometime fake degrees are prepared thus degrading the image of university. In existing system whole data of students are stored in papers, registers, as record is increasing yearly, the registers are piling up and sometimes we may see the staff sitting on these registers. Advantages of the existing system †¢ Manual Exams are invigilated, thus minimizing malpractices to an extent. †¢ All types of questions can be asked in a manual examination. E. g. Multichoice, essays, questions and answers with diagrammatic illustrations e. t. c. System Methodology Spiral Methodology The spiral methodology extends the waterfall model by introducing prototyping.It is generally chosen over the waterfall approach for large, expensive, and complicated projects. At a high-level, the steps in the spiral model are as follows: 1. The new system requirements are defined in as much detail as possible. This usually involves interviewing a number of users representing all the external or internal users and other aspects of the existing system. 2. A preliminary d esign is created for the new system. 3. A first prototype of the new system is constructed from the preliminary design. This is usually a scaled-down system, and represents an approximation of the characteristics of the final product. . A second prototype is evolved using four steps: 1. Evaluate the first prototype and identify its strengths, weaknesses, and risks. 2. Define the requirements of the second prototype. 3. Plan and design the second prototype. 4. Construct and test the second prototype. 5. At the project sponsors option, the entire project can be aborted if the risk is deemed too great. Risk factors might involve development cost overruns, operating-cost miscalculation, or any other factor that could result in a less-than-satisfactory final product. 6.The existing prototype is evaluated in the same manner as was the previous prototype, and, if necessary, another prototype is developed from it according to the fourfold procedure outlined above. 7. The preceding steps are iterated until the customer is satisfied that the refined prototype represents the final product desired. 8. The final system is constructed, based on the refined prototype. 9. The final system is thoroughly evaluated and tested. Routine maintenance is carried out on a continuing basis to prevent large-scale failures and to minimize downtime.Reasons for using spiral methodology †¢ Estimates (i. e. budget, schedule, etc. ) get more realistic as work progresses, because important issues are discovered earlier. †¢ It is more able to cope with the (nearly inevitable) changes that software development generally entails. †¢ Software engineers (who can get restless with protracted design processes) can get their hands in and start working on a project earlier. The Proposed System To solve the problems faced with manual examination writing, there is need for a computerized system to handle all the works.I propose a web based application that will provide a working environmen t that will be flexible and will provide ease of work and will reduce the time for report generation and other paper works. These examinations are conducted as open-book or open table type examinations. Candidate is given a limited time to answer the questions and after the time expiry the answer paper is disabled automatically and answers is sent to the examiner. The examiner will evaluate answers, either through automated process or manually and the results will be sent to the candidate through email or made available in the web site.Today many organizations are conducting online examinations worldwide successfully and issue results online. The main advantage is that it can be conducted for remote candidates and evaluation of answers can be fully automated for all questions and other essay type questions can be evaluated manually or through automated system, depending on the nature of the question’s and the requirements. Also online examinations can be conducted at any time and does not incur higher cost as traditional exam scenario as there is no paper work involved (e. g. printing exam papers, prepare paper admissions etc. , there is no invigilators, also no need of arrangement of exam centers. When comparing with traditional exam scenario the cost for an online examination will be almost zero after the online exam system is establishment and if maintenance cost is not considered. The volume of examination work has necessitated the use of computer services. Various jobs such as checking up of examination application forms, allotment of roll numbers, preparation of roll lists, tabulation of marks and formulation of marks sheets are preferred to be got done by computer.Looking into the ever growing complex nature of examination process and also to cope with the situation, it is deemed fit to apply modern management techniques and adopt a system approach. In the era of Information Technology, there is hardly any department which is not adopting this te chnology. To bring, efficiency, transparency and reliability, universities should also adopt this new technology for managing the examination system. Some of the benefits of integrated automated examination system are defined as under. Advantages of the Proposed System Total Computerization of system will facilitate an integration of all sections/units/departments of the Examination Wing under single umbrella. †¢ It will improve the efficiency of the workforce who in turn carries out many operations manually. †¢ The new system will streamline the procedure for collation of exam fees, issuing receipts to large number of students and keeping a track of cash flow. †¢ With the adoption of new system, there will centralized, secure and robust database of the candidates appearing in the examination without duplication of records. In a networked environment system different units of the examination wing are connected so that all these are able to share up-to-date information without redundancy of database at various stages. †¢ It will bring improvement in quality of services being provided to the students/concerned departments/sections by introducing computerized window system and online availability of information to the concerned departments/sections of the University. †¢ There will be less human intervention (as much as possible) in result processing by automating all the concerned activities. The complete Computerization of Examination System will lead to effective monitoring of Examination Process by the concerned authorities (the possibility of fraudulence will be minimized). †¢ The Computerized Statistical Analysis of Data will facilitate the management to see trends in result at various levels. Management Information System (MIS) reports will facilitates the Top †¢ Level Management to make strategic decision in favor of University and students. The use of Relational Database Management System for storage of students’ data will help in minimizing the redundancy in database in addition to maintains consistency, integrity and security of data. †¢ Once the students’ data is in database form, lots of academic benefits can be drawn in terms of the statistical analysis of the results belonging to different faculties, courses, social groups, colleges (private/government) and different area of the state and the country. Disadvantages of the Proposed System Changing technology may create barriers to accessing examination environments as with new examination methods, online learning/examination has faced much criticism from many sources as they claim it has devalued post secondary education and will reduce the effectiveness of obtaining quality career positions by obtaining higher education. These skeptics claim many existing barriers to effectively writing complex exam in an online-only setting. †¢ There is need for stakeholders (i. e. both examiner and examinee) to be computer literate a nd good users of the internet. Invigilators do not have control over candidates. This could lead to some malpractices. Though, there are measures to limit the malpractices(Timing is one of the means) Justification of the proposed Study In feasibility study phase I had undergone through various steps, which are described asunder: How feasible is the system proposed? This was analyzed by comparing the following factors with both the existing system and proposed system. Cost The cost required in the proposed system is comparatively less to the existing system. EffortCompared to the existing system the proposed system will provide a better working environment in which there will be ease of work and the effort required will be comparatively less than the existing system. Time Also the time required generating a report or for doing any other work will be comparatively very less than the existing system. Record finding and updating will take less time than the existing system. Labor In the existing system the number of staff required for completing the work is more while the new system will require quite less number of staff.

What Is Commensalism Definition and Examples

What Is Commensalism Definition and Examples SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you studying commensalism in biology class and looking for a good commensalism definition? Commensalism is one of the trickier types of symbiosis to understand, but we'll break it down for you. Read this article to discover what commensalism is, the different types of commensalism, commensalism examples in nature, and the other types of symbiosis and how they differ from commensalism. What Is Commensalism? Commensalism is a type of symbiosis. Symbiosis refers to any long-term interaction that two organisms have with each other. A hyena and lion who get into a fight then never see each other again would not qualify to be living in symbiosis because their interaction is not long term. However, a lion and hyena who regularly come into contact and compete for prey would have a symbiotic relationship because their interaction is ongoing. In commensalism, one organism benefits from the relationship and the other is neither benefited nor harmedthe effect of the relationship on it is neutral. The term was coined in 1876 by Belgian zoologist Pierre-Joseph van Beneden. The word â€Å"commensalism† comes from the Latin word commensalis which means â€Å"sharing a table.† Types of Commensalism All types of commensalism require one organism to benefit from the relationship and the other to be unaffected, but within those parameters, there are three main types of commensalism. Inquilinism In inquilinism, one organism serves as a permanent home for another organism. An example is a woodpecker drilling a cavity in a saguaro cactus to use as a nesting site. The woodpecker benefits; the cactus is unaffected. Metabiosis Metabiosis is when an organism (often deceased) creates an environment for another organism, such as bacteria growing in the remains of a dead animal. The deceased animal, because it is dead, can’t be harmed or benefited, but the bacteria get a habitat and food source. Phoresy Phoresy is when one organism uses the other for transportation. Barnacles attaching themselves to whales is an example. The barnacles get a free ride to new feeding and breeding grounds, while the whales likely don’t even notice the barnacles. Commensalism Examples in Nature Commensalism can be more difficult to prove than other types of symbiosis (see below) since it can be challenging to show that one organism truly isn’t impacted in any way from its relationship with another organism. However, below are four examples of relationships that are commonly identified as commensalism. Remember, for each of these interactions, one organism will benefit and the other will be unaffected. Example 1: Remora and Large Marine Animals Remora are small fish that have a sucker-like disk on their heads that allows them to attach to other animals. Remora will use the sucker to attach to sharks, rays, turtles, whales, or other large marine animals. The remora benefits by getting to travel to new food and breeding areas without expending energy for travel and while being protected by the larger animal. The remora also benefits in another, somewhat grosser, way: its diet is made primarily of its host’s feces, so it has ample access to food while hitching a ride. Its carrier is unaffected because the sucker doesn’t harm or help it and the remora is small enough not to impede its movement or speed. Example 2: Lesser Burdock and Black Bears Many types of plants benefit from commensalism when it comes to dispersing their seeds. One particular example is the plant species Arctium minus, commonly known as lesser burdock. Burdock species have prickly heads, known as â€Å"burrs† that easily catch onto animal fur. The animal, say a black bear,brushes against the plant and carries the burr on its fur until sometime later when the burr falls off. The seeds within the burr can then germinate in an area far from the parent plant, where there is likely less competition for resources. The burdock benefits from the seed dispersal, and the black bear neither benefits nor is harmed from the burr clinging to its fur for a short period of time. (Note that, for some animals, especially smaller ones, their relationship with burdock wouldn’t be categorized as commensalism because the burrs can harm them. There are some instances of birds becoming entangled in burrs and dying, which definitely isn’t a neutral impact.) Example 3: Poison Dart Frogs and Leafy Plants Poison dart frogs are a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. They inhabit tropical habitats in Central and South America. Poison dart frogs will often move to the undersides of large plant leaves or under the leaves themselves as protection from the elements or from predators. The frogs benefit by having a place of protection, while the plant is unaffected by the frogs using them as a temporary place to hide. Example 4: Aspergillus and Humans Aspergillus is a genus of fungi. It’s capable of living in extreme environments, one of which includes the upper gastrointestinal tract of humans. For most people, Aspergillus produces no symptoms whatsoever, but the fungus benefits from the living environment and nutrients its host human provides. However, like many other commensalism examples, this relationship isn’t always commensalism in every case. In some humans who are immunocompromised, a fungal infection occurs where Aspergillus grows out of control, which causes a negative impact on the person suffering from the infection. Other Types of Symbiosis Because there are so many different types of organisms, it makes sense that there are many ways they can interact with each other. There are multiple types of symbiosis. The three most commonly studied are commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism, but we’ve included some additional examples as well to give you a fuller idea of the many ways symbiosis exists in nature. Next to the name of each type of symbiosis are symbols indicating whether the organisms benefit, are harmed, or aren’t affected by the relationship. The symbol for commensalism is (+/0) which means one organism benefits and the other isn’t affected. Mutualism (+/+) In mutualism, both organisms benefit from the relationship. An example is monkeys and fruit-producing trees. The monkeys benefit by eating the fruit, and the trees benefit from the monkeys carrying the seeds away as a method of seed dispersal. Parasitism (+/-) Parasitism is when one organism (the parasite) lives on another organism (the host). The parasite benefits from the relationship, and the host is harmed by it. The host typically isn’t killed, although this can happen if a host is invaded by many parasites or if the parasitism goes on for a long time. An example of parasitism is head lice that live on human scalps. Lice feed on the blood of their hosts, but humans who have them suffer symptoms such as scalp soreness, itching, and irritation. Amensalism (-/0) Amensalism is a relationship where one organism is unaffected and the other is harmed (or sometimes killed). Black walnut trees naturally contain a substance called juglone which kills or stunts many of the plants living near its roots. The black walnut trees aren’t impacted by the juglone, but plant species near them can be seriously harmed by it. Competition (-/-) Competition is when two organisms both want the same limited resource. Because they have to compete for the resource (often food, water, or territory), both organisms are negatively impacted. Cheetahs and lions both attempting to hunt the same small herd of zebras is an example of competition. If there aren’t enough zebras for both animals to eat, they will both get less food than what they want and may suffer from hunger/starvation as a result. Predation (+/-) In this relationship, one organism kills and eats the other. Examples include a jaguar killing and eating a tapir as well as horses eating grass. Unlike parasitism, where the host remains alive while the parasite lives off it, predation results in the death of one of the organisms. Summary: Commensalism Definition Biology Need to define commensalism? The simplest commensalism definition is that it’s a type of symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed. The three main types of commensalism are inquilinism, metabiosis, and phoresy. Although it can be difficult to prove an organism truly isn’t impacted by its relationship with another organism, there are numerous commensalism examples in nature. The commensalism relationship is just one type of symbiosis; other types include mutualism, parasitism, predation, amensalism, and competition. What's Next? Are you studying clouds in your science class? Get help identifying the different types of clouds with our expert guide. Trillion is a massive number, but what comes after it?Learn about huge numbers like a trillion, googol, and more in our guide tothe names of big numbers. Writing a research paper for school but not sure what to write about?Our guide to research paper topics has over 100 topics in ten categories so you can be sure to find the perfect topic for you.

Why does the govrnent lock public parks when the citizens pay for them Research Paper

Why does the govrnent lock public parks when the citizens pay for them - Research Paper Example Travellers navigate with public parks as landmarks and travel routes. In the U.K., there are at least 27,000 thousand public parks that cover 143,000 hectares of land. These parks offer spaces for leisure, recreation, sports, entertainment and business. Some parks are open and very accessible while other parks are walled with gated entrances. Around 1.5 billion people visit these parks each year. With many people using parks, upkeep is necessary. The government spends ?630 million of taxpayer’s money for the upkeep of these parks. Every visit costs 42 pence. In the last 10 years, spending on public parks has decreased. (Urban Parks Forum, 2001) With decreased spending, the trend is good parks are becoming better and bad parks continue to deteriorate (Urban Parks Forum, 2001). The state of the park has a direct relationship with visits. Deteriorating parks mean lower number and frequency of visits. Decrepit public parks become spaces for antisocial activities and crime. These p arks are evaded by residents, with the effect of further facilitating the use of these parks for unwanted activities. In an effort to control the deterioration of public parks, given budget cuts, a measure being done is using gates and locking parks. The park can be accessed only during certain hours, such as from 6 am to 7 pm. All people inside will be asked to leave when the parks close. This practice has spurred the issue of limiting people’s access to public parks when they are paying for the upkeep. Importance of Public Parks Public parks are important. Public parks benefit people. These benefits justify the development of public parks and government spending on upkeep. Public parks support environmental sustainability. Green spaces facilitate the development of urban ecosystems (Zhou & Rana, 2012). Public parks support biodiversity, including plants, animals and insect that plays a role in sustaining the natural environment. At the same time, public parks are green spac es that allow people to interact with the natural environment and become part of the ecosystem. (Barbosa et al., 2007) Trees and vegetation in parks regulate temperature by providing a cooling effect. Trees provide shade in hot weather and absorb heat. This prevents the urban heat island effect from happening. Without trees and plants, heat would be absorbed by concrete, which is capable of retaining heat for long hours. When heat accumulates in concrete, temperatures in the area rises. Park greenery also lowers air pollution by absorbing carbon dioxide to create oxygen and providing barriers to noise. (Millward & Sabir, 2011) When it rains, trees and plants in public parks absorb water to prevent runoffs that cause floods (Dolesh, 2011). Public parks improve the aesthetic quality of neighbourhoods and city centres (Millward & Sabir, 2011). The greenery balances the monotonous visual effect of concrete and asphalt in cities (Salazar & Menendez, 2007). Landscaping in public parks is intended to provide a pleasant view to visitors and passersby. Public parks also promote health and safety. Interaction with nature can improve physical and psychological well-being. Public parks encourage physical activity (Salazar & Menendez, 2007). Parks provide various opportunities for physical activity as a way for people to get their required doses of physical exercise to prevent health conditions, such as heart problems and obesity (Bedimon-Rung, Mowen, & Cohen, 2005). Public parks provide social, economic and political benefits. Public parks provide a good place for social interaction (Barbosa et al., 2007). Social interaction happens when people engage in leisure, recreational or sports activities in public parks. Public parks also create employment, which ranges from the upkeep of the park to

Company Analysis ( MGM Resorts) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Company Analysis ( MGM Resorts) - Essay Example There is a significant dependence on the ability of the standard resorts to generate the operating cash flow to repay the fund capital expenditures, financial debts and the provision for the excess cash flow for future economic growth and development. In the MGM resorts, there have been significant investments in standard procedures for adding entertainment, new restaurants, nightlife promotions, as well as other new characteristics and facilities. Moreover, there has been a regular capital investment to maintain the standard qualities of the hotel rooms and the civic spaces. The generation of cash flows by the standard domestic resorts of MGM in the year 2012 advanced than the previous year and the year 2010 and there is an expectation that the efficient and effective trend will continue into the coming years despite the constant economic declines. The visitation to the Las Vegas rose significantly up to 2 percent in the year 2012, and the room inventory has been optimum with inadequate new rooms supply planned in the recent years. . Despite the constant concerns, concerning the economic instability in the state of China, and the accomplishment of the latest smoking limitations in Macau there is an expectation that the Macau market platform should continue to expand or rather grow. In the year 2012, the speed of growth declined a little bit but the casino revenue for the Macau market still raised over 14 percent in the year 2011. It shows that over the years of the development of the MGM resort it has been consistently making profits no matter the challenging conditions of the current market. It is due to the competence of the top management that strives to maintain a competitive advantage. The competitive advantage is constant at the MGM resort due to the facts that it actually considers the welfare of its customers (Vogel, 2001). Most of the customers at the MGM resort prefer value to the price

Effect of Learning Environment on Child Arithmetic Skills

Effect of Learning Environment on Child Arithmetic Skills Abstract The main aim of this experiment is to find out whether learning environments will affect children’s arithmetic skills. The hypothesis is children in kindergarten will performed better in arithmetic skills than children receiving home-schooling (N=40). These 40 children will be categorize into 2 groups, Boys and Girls and according to their learning environments, they are sub-grouped into kindergarten and home learning environments. Two different arithmetic tasks were carried out to assess the children skills. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks and at the end of the last week, all the scores were tabulated for the groups. A factorial between design was used in this experiment The statistical analysis yielded support for the hypothesis that children who study in kindergarten score better than children who study at home. However, due to lack of generalisation to population, further replication of the study is recommended with adequate sample size. How Learning Environments Affect Children Arithmetic Skills Acquiring basic literacy skills bring about a significant change to the advances in  research and educational practices. The preschooler years are viewed as the point whereby those kids are at their crucial point to learn the basic abilities of learning in how to read and write. So there is a dilemma for parents whether they should send their child to kindergarten or they should go along with homeschooling. Children tend to learn numbers counting before language acquisition and formal education (Lipton Spelke, 2003; Xu, Spelke, Goddard, 2005). As the child progress, his numerical accuracy gradually refined throughout his childhood until he gained more insightful knowledge in later year. (Halberda Feigenson, 2008). Subsequently, with language acquisition, children will understand the numbers in words and break them in smaller groups (Wynn, 1996), that are within their counting range and gradually move outside of the range to know more numbers (Lipton Spelke, 2006). Talking about cognitive development in children, Jean Piaget (1896) had devoted all his life to study how children think and not to just what children know. Piaget believes that children are able to seek understanding of the world through the process of assimilation and accommodation. Therefore, Piaget placed great emphasize on cognitive development associated with the experience and not social interaction. Another perspective of cognitive development is a Russian psychologist Lev  Vygosky(1896). Vygosky focused on culture and society when it comes to cognitive learning ability. He believed that children learn differently when they are learning independent as compared to learning under the guidance of a more capable partner. This is what he called ‘zone of proximal development†. In conclusion, Vygosky believed that cognitive development is affected by social interaction as compared to be independent. The difference in how Piaget and Vygotsky’s approaches to children cognitive development are the concept of individualistic and social processes. On a research study by Rea and Reys (1970), before children start to enrol in formal education, they are equipped with little of mathematical understanding .Children from early age is constantly practicing their counting skill. Geary (2004)stated that childrens counting abilities could be seen as a combination of inherent constraints and inductions based on counting experiences Seo and Ginsburg (2004) studied the types of informal mathematical activities which four- and five-year-old children express in natural settings during free play. Children demonstrated five mathematical categories; classification activities, magnitude activities, enumeration activities, dynamics and pattern and shape activities. According to Sarama and Clements (2009), children construct mathematics notions as they get actively engaged in the following sorts of play: sensorimotor or manipulative play, symbolic constructive play, symbolic dramatic play and games with rules. Children getting involved in play use it as a means to get them in problem solving situations to develop their thinking on mathematical ideas and procedures. Informal mathematical knowledge undergoes considerable development during the  preschool years and provides a basis for the later acquisition of formal mathematics in the school context (Clements and Sarama 2007). In this sense, successful early childhood instruction builds on children’s informal knowledge and supports the linkage of this prior thinking to more analytical mathematical representations, while taking into account diversity in terms of language, culture, needs and interests. Children possess informal knowledge of many complex mathematical ideas, enjoy the challenges of playing with these complex ideas and, with adult or peer guidance, they can achieve greater understanding than previously expected (Ginsburg, Greenes and Balfanz 2003). It was hypothesized in this study that children who receive education in kindergarten performed better in their arithmetic skills as to children who are receiving their education at home. Another hypothesis in this study is that boys in both school and home will score higher than girls in home and school environment in the assessment test. Methods Participants There will be a total of 40 toddlers involve in this experiment and they are staying at the same community area. They will be divided into 10 male and 10 female toddlers will attend the designated kindergarten while the remaining toddlers will be receiving home schooling at their own respective homes.The age of the toddler will be 5 years old for both genders to ensure fairness of their learning capability. The two different teaching environments that are set for this experiment will be at a kindergarten or at the toddlers’ homes Materials Math ability task. Math ability was measured using the Early Number Concepts component of the British Ability Scales II (Elliot et al., 1996). This math test comprises 24 items that assess various basic numerical competencies through four items (Recognizing numbers names and numerals, identifying quantitative relationships and matching corresponding Number estimation task Three number lines were used: 0 –10, 0 –20 and 0 –100. Each line was 25-cm long, with 0 on the left end and 10, 20, or 100 on the right end, depending on the scale. Procedure The 20 children will be divided into 2 groups according to their genders and in each group, they will be further split in another two groups, based on their learning environments kindergarten or home schooling. The children were instructed to follow the instructions in accordance to each task. The children are shown pictures and they were told to use pencil to circle the correct answer in the given questions. Next, they were told to match the same shapes from a group of mixed shapes of all sizes. Lastly, they were given simple basic addition and subtraction problems to solve and verbally voice out the answer. The total scores for the worksheet will be 20 marks. Results A factorial between groups analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the effects of gender and learning environments on children’s arithmetic skills. Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s test were used to evaluate the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance respectively. Neither was violated. Levene’s statistics for the test of equality is non-significant with F (3, 36) = .679, p=.571. The results for ANOVA was statically significant with children who attend kindergarten performed better than children who did not attend kindergarten with F (1, 36) = 8.112, p=.001, Õ ²2= .184, as well as statistically significant main effect for practice, F( 1, 36) = 1.073, p=.307, Õ ²2= .029. However, there is no significant interaction indicated that the effect of different learning environments on children’s arithmetic skills are associated with gender differences, F(1,36)= 1.00,p=0.01. The nature of the interaction is shown in Figure 1. Discussion This study aims to find out whether 5-year old children who attend kindergarten tend to have better arithmetic skills than children who have home schooling. This is a double blind experiment whereby both experimenter and children are unaware of what are there being tested, this is to protect the experiment from having the observer-expectancy effect. It was hypothesized that children who attend kindergarten tend to have higher scores than those children who have home schooling, and it was supported by the data using two-way analysis of variances (ANOVA). The data showed that there is a significant difference of the scores between the two learning environments. The two approaches that Piaget and Vygotsky had come across with are closely associated with the type of learning environments which children learn their cognitive skills in both kindergarten and home schooling. Children who attend kindergarten tend to be following Vygotsky’s concept of ‘zone of proximal development whereby children are able to learn under an adult’s supervision while children who receive educations at home from their parents, the home-schoolers are moving towards Piaget’s teaching as the children depend on themselves to gain knowledge about what is happening around them. As the child progresses from infants, his/her ability to learn also progresses along with the growth. Infants demonstrated word segmentation ability when adults were talking to them. When they reach the preschool age, environment play a significant role in their learning ability. At this age group, they are prone to pick up new information quickly even though it is an adult conversation (Whitehurst Valdez-Menchaca, 1988). So, the new information that the child had picked up, if the learning environment and the caregivers reinforces them to gain a better understanding of the things around them, the child will be more advanced in learning new skills. Therefore, in order for child to acquire good arithmetic skills, they can be exposed to more numbers-related information and problems and a positive reinforcement learning environment to gain better understanding of arithmetic problems. However, despite the fact children at the early onset toddlers’ age they are constantly using their arithmetic skills during their playtime with other children such as counting the numbers in their group and dividing themselves up for their games, but parents’ are always looking for educational videos to stimulate those children’s intellectual development at home(McCormick, 1998),which indeed raises the children’s academic achievement but it lowers their expectancies of success and pride in accomplishments in their future (Deborah.,et,al., 1995). Studies are consistent with the hypothesis that children tend to gain better cognitive development in kindergarten as children are exposed to active interaction conservations, feedbacks and corrections are given to them so they are able to understand the concept better to avoid future mistakes. There are some limitations in this experiment. First limitations is generalization of the population, the sample size of this children was taken at one community area and the conclusions are based on the responses of those pre-schoolers children that have yet to have better understanding of the world. Therefore it does not generate enough data to prove that this experiment is reliable. This greatly reduces the external validity of this experiment. Second limitation is the history effect whereby some children are enrolled in other arithmetic classes that could possibly allow them to score higher than the others and eventually lead them to become outliers in the groups. This is one of the confound variable which this experiment had failed to control. Therefore, further studies are needed to eliminate this variable and including a control group will eliminate this confound. In conclusion, there are some improvements that need to make for this experiment to have better reliability and usefulness to the population. Researchers who are curious about how children acquire higher level of arithmetic abilities or cognitive development should conduct more studies and analyse how different age groups solve problems or question with increasing difficulty under different learning environments, what are some of the tools that they use to assist them in the process of learning, and last of all, the interaction between gender and learning environment should be further analyse and require further research.